Arithmetic is the study of numbers and the calculations performed with them. In competitive exams, it covers topics such as percentage, ratio and proportion, average, profit and loss, interest, time and work, speed and distance, mixture, partnership, and related concepts.
Why Is Arithmetic Important for Competitive Exams?
Arithmetic is an important part of the mathematics sections in SSC CGL, SSC CHSL, SSC GD, SSC MTS, RRB Group D, RRB NTPC, RRB ALP, Banking, State Police, Defence, and many other competitive exams.
MathsByNitian brings these topics together with concepts, formulas, examples, practice questions, and PYQs.
Below is the complete Arithmetic section of MathsByNitian, organized topic-wise for competitive exams.
1. Percentage
Learn Percentage:
- Percentage Basics: Build a foundation in percentages by understanding the basic meaning, calculations, conversions, and common types of percentage problems.
- Percentage Formula: A practical collection of percentage formulas covering basic calculations, percentage increase and decrease, and common applications.
- Percentage to Fraction : Understand how a percentage is expressed as a fraction and use the conversion in percentage calculations.
- Fraction to Percentage: Convert fractions into percentage form through formulas, worked examples, and practice questions.
- Finding Percentage: Find what percentage one quantity represents of another using direct methods and solved examples.
- Find the Number: Determine an unknown or original number when its percentage value is given.
- Percentage Increase: Understand how to measure the increase in a quantity relative to its original value.
- Percentage Decrease: Understand how to measure the decrease in a quantity relative to its original value.
- Successive Percentage: Understand the combined effect of percentage changes applied successively, including successive increases and decreases.
Practice Percentage:
Percentage Practice : Practice percentages through MCQs, fill-in-the-blanks, true/false questions, and word problems covering calculations, percentage changes, and successive percentages.
Percentage PYQs
PYQs of SSC, RRB, Defence, Banking, Police Exams: Practice percentage questions asked in competitive examinations, with solved PYQs from SSC, RRB, Banking, Defence, and other exams.
2. Ratio & Proportion
Learn Ratio & Proportion:
- Ratio Formula: Key ratio formulas for simplifying comparisons and solving ratio-based calculations.
- Basic Ratio Questions: Core ratio problems covering comparison, simplification, and finding unknown quantities.
- Ratio Word Problems: Real-world ratio problems involving quantities, sharing, mixtures, and comparisons.
- Proportion Questions: Questions based on equivalent ratios and proportional relationships between quantities.
- Unitary Method Questions: Problems that use the value of one unit to determine the value of multiple or fractional units.
- Direct Proportion Questions: Problems where two quantities increase or decrease together while their ratio remains constant.
- Inverse Proportion Questions: Problems where one quantity changes in the opposite direction as another while their product remains constant.
Practice Ratio & Proportion:
Ratio and Proportion Practice Questions: Mixed practice on ratio and proportion through MCQs, true/false, fill-in-the-blanks, and word problems.
Ratio & Proportion PYQs:
Ratio and Proportion PYQs SSC, RRB, Banking: Solve previous-year ratio and proportion questions from SSC, RRB, Banking, and other competitive examinations.
3. Profit, Loss and Discount
Learn Profit, Loss and Discount
- Profit, Loss & Discount: Core concepts and methods for solving profit, loss, discount, and related commercial arithmetic problems.
- Profit and Loss Formula: Essential formulas for cost price, selling price, profit, loss, and percentage-based calculations.
Practice Profit, Loss and Discount
Profit and Loss Questions — Practice problems on profit, loss, cost price, selling price, and related percentage calculations.
Discount Questions — Problems involving discounts, selling prices, and the effect of price reductions.
GST Questions — Practice GST problems involving tax rates, taxable amounts, and prices before or after GST.
Marked Price Questions — Questions on marked price, selling price, discounts, and the relationship between them.
Successive Discount Questions — Problems involving two or more discounts applied one after another and their combined effect.
Dishonest Shopkeeper Questions — Problems involving false weights, measures, pricing tricks, and the resulting gain made by a dishonest seller.
Profit, Loss & Discount Practice Questions — Mixed practice covering profit, loss, discount, marked price, and related calculations.
PYQs on Profit, Loss & Discount
Profit, Loss & Discount PYQs for SSC, RRB, Banking & Defence Exams — Solved previous-year questions covering commercial arithmetic asked across major competitive examinations.
4. Simple Interest and Compound Interest
Learn Simple Interest and Compound Interest
- Simple Interest & Compound Interest — Understand the core concepts of simple and compound interest, including how interest and total amounts change over time.
- SI & CI Formula — Essential formulas for calculating simple interest, compound interest, principal, amount, rate, and time.
Practice Simple Interest and Compound Interest
Simple Interest Questions — Problems on calculating simple interest, principal, rate, time, and final amount.
Compound Interest Questions — Questions covering compound interest, amount, rates, time periods, and compounding.
Difference Between SI and CI Questions — Problems that compare simple and compound interest and find the difference between them.
Compound Growth Questions — Problems involving repeated percentage growth where each increase is calculated on the revised value.
Depreciation Questions — Questions on the reduction in value of assets through successive percentage depreciation.
Simple Interest & Compound Interest Practice Questions — Mixed practice covering core SI and CI calculations and common exam-style applications.
PYQs on Simple Interest & Compound Interest.
SI & CI PYQs for SSC, RRB, Banking & Defence Exams — Solved previous-year questions on simple and compound interest from major competitive examinations.
5. Average
Learn Average
- Average — Understand averages through basic concepts, calculations, and common types of average-based problems.
- Average Formula — Key formulas and methods for finding averages, totals, missing values, and related quantities.
Practice Average
Average Questions — Questions on averages involving totals, missing values, and changes in the given data.
Average Practice Questions — Mixed practice covering common average problems and exam-style calculations.
PYQs on Average
Average PYQs for SSC, RRB, Banking & Defence Exams — Solved previous-year average questions asked across SSC, RRB, Banking, Defence, and other competitive examinations.
6. Age Problems
Learn Age Concepts
- Age Problems — Core age-based problems involving present ages, past and future ages, and relationships between people’s ages.
- Age Formula and Concepts — Key age formulas and methods for solving problems involving age differences, ratios, and changes over time.
Practice Age Problems
Age Questions with Answers & Solutions — Solved problems covering present, past, and future ages, along with age relationships and comparisons.
Age Practice Questions with Answers — Mixed practice on common age-based calculations and exam-style problems.
PYQs on Age Problems
Age PYQs for SSC, RRB, Banking & Defence Exams — Solved previous-year age questions from SSC, RRB, Banking, Defence, and other competitive examinations.